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S4 protein domain
In molecular biology, S4 domain refers to a small protein domain found in a large ribosomal protein named S4. The S4 domain is a small domain, approximately 60-65 amino acid residues long, occurs in a single copy at various positions in different proteins and was originally found in pseudouridine synthases, a bacterial ribosomal protein.
The function of the ribosome is to read RNA and synthesise the correct protein. The S4 domain functions in RNA binding. By improving RNA binding it aids the process of protein synthesis and leads to fewer errors. Since the S4 domain is a ribosomal protein, this function is fundamental to protein synthesis.〔
Proteins S4 helps initiate assembly of the 16S rRNA, are located at junctions of five RNA helices. In this way proteins serve to organise and stabilise the rRNA tertiary structure. While the crucial activities of decoding and peptide transfer are RNA based, proteins play an active role in functions that may have evolved to streamline the process of protein synthesis. In addition to their function in the ribosome, many ribosomal proteins have some function 'outside' the ribosome.
==Function==
The function of the S4 domain is to be an RNA-binding protein. S4 is a multifunctional protein, and it must bind to the which binds to 16S ribosomal RNA. In addition, the S4 domain binds a complex pseudoknot and represses translation. More specifically, this protein domain delivers nucleotide-modifying enzymes to RNA and to regulates translation through structure specific RNA binding. 〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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